What is Cushing's syndrome?

Cushing's syndrome is indeed a disease associated with the adrenal glands, specifically caused by an excess of cortisol, which is often due to prolonged exposure to corticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone. The syndrome results from a variety of potential factors, including tumors in the pituitary gland that produce excess adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), leading to increased cortisol production by the adrenal glands. This condition manifests with various symptoms such as weight gain, particularly around the torso, thinning skin that may bruise easily, and changes in blood sugar levels, among others.

This answer emphasizes the hormonal imbalance caused by the adrenal glands and highlights the role of hydrocortisone as a key factor in the development of the syndrome. By understanding that Cushing's syndrome involves the overproduction of cortisol due to adrenal gland circumstances rather than issues related to thyroid hormones, bacterial infections, or genetic disorders, one can appreciate the specific nature and implications of this medical condition.